{"id":125079,"date":"2023-11-22T11:29:26","date_gmt":"2023-11-22T14:29:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ww16.ce.gov.br\/saude\/?p=125079"},"modified":"2023-11-22T11:29:26","modified_gmt":"2023-11-22T14:29:26","slug":"hospital-sao-jose-orienta-prevencao-resistencia-antimicrobiana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ww16.ce.gov.br\/saude\/2023\/11\/22\/hospital-sao-jose-orienta-prevencao-resistencia-antimicrobiana\/","title":{"rendered":"HSJ orienta sobre formas de preven\u00e7\u00e3o contra resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana; uso indiscriminado de antibi\u00f3ticos causa danos \u00e0 sa\u00fade"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Uso indiscriminado de medicamentos pode causar danos \u00e0 sa\u00fade (Foto: Diego Sombra)<\/em><\/p>\n

Voc\u00ea sabe o que \u00e9 resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana (RAM)<\/strong>? Esse fen\u00f4meno ocorre quando bact\u00e9rias, v\u00edrus, fungos e outros micro-organismos n\u00e3o respondem mais \u00e0 a\u00e7\u00e3o de antimicrobianos<\/strong>, como antibi\u00f3ticos, antivirais e antif\u00fangicos. Como resultado, os medicamentos se tornam ineficazes no combate \u00e0s infec\u00e7\u00f5es causadas por esses agentes, aumentando o risco de morte e de propaga\u00e7\u00e3o desses micro-organismos resistentes a outros pacientes.<\/p>\n

A RAM aparece na lista da Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o Mundial de Sa\u00fade (OMS)<\/strong> como uma das dez principais amea\u00e7as globais \u00e0 sa\u00fade<\/strong>. Na Semana Mundial de Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o sobre a Resist\u00eancia Antimicrobiana<\/strong>, promovida de 18 a 24 de novembro pela OMS, o Hospital S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 (HSJ)<\/strong>, da Secretaria da Sa\u00fade do Cear\u00e1 (Sesa)<\/strong>, orienta a popula\u00e7\u00e3o sobre os meios de preserva\u00e7\u00e3o da efic\u00e1cia dos antimicrobianos, medicamentos considerados essenciais no combate \u00e0s doen\u00e7as infecciosas.<\/p>\n

\"\"A\u00e7\u00f5es educativas promovidas pela SCIH, como as de incentivo \u00e0 higieniza\u00e7\u00e3o correta das m\u00e3os, s\u00e3o fundamentais para o controle da RAM (Foto: Divulga\u00e7\u00e3o\/HSJ)<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n

Embora seja um processo natural, a resist\u00eancia a antimicrobianos<\/strong> \u00e9 acelerada pelo uso inadequado e excessivo de antimicrobianos<\/strong> em pessoas e animais. A m\u00e9dica infectologista e coordenadora do Servi\u00e7o de Controle de Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Hospitalares (SCIH) do HSJ, Evelyne Gir\u00e3o, aponta como exemplos o uso de antibi\u00f3ticos por pessoas com infec\u00e7\u00f5es virais, como resfriados e gripes, e administra\u00e7\u00e3o de medicamentos para promo\u00e7\u00e3o de crescimento ou preven\u00e7\u00e3o de doen\u00e7as em animais saud\u00e1veis.<\/p>\n

\u201cJ\u00e1 \u00e9 crescente e alarmante o n\u00famero de casos de tuberculose resistente ao tratamento de primeira escolha, assim como gonococos resistentes [popularmente conhecido como gonorreia]. Essa resist\u00eancia pode se desenvolver n\u00e3o s\u00f3 contra os antibi\u00f3ticos, antivirais e antif\u00fangicos, mas tamb\u00e9m contra antiss\u00e9pticos e produtos de limpeza usados de forma inadequada\u201d, informa Gir\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

Como os micro-organismos desenvolvem resist\u00eancia?<\/h3>\n

Conforme o m\u00e9dico Jac\u00f3 Mesquita, patologista cl\u00ednico do laborat\u00f3rio do HSJ, uma das formas pelas quais os micro-organismos se tornam resistentes \u00e9 a muta\u00e7\u00e3o. Quando as bact\u00e9rias s\u00e3o expostas a antibi\u00f3ticos, por exemplo, as mais sens\u00edveis morrem e as resistentes permanecem.<\/p>\n

\"\"Jac\u00f3 Mesquita, patologista cl\u00ednico do HSJ, aponta o uso indevido de antibi\u00f3ticos como uma das principais causas da acelera\u00e7\u00e3o da resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana (Foto: B\u00e1rbara Danth\u00e9ias)<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cAs bact\u00e9rias que sobrevivem se proliferam e transmitem os genes da resist\u00eancia para outras, gerando um ambiente que tem somente bact\u00e9rias resistentes. Esse \u00e9 o perigo do uso indevido de antibi\u00f3ticos: eu estou possibilitando que bact\u00e9rias resistentes se sobressaiam \u00e0s mais sens\u00edveis\u201d, explica.<\/p>\n

Segundo a coordenadora do SCIH do HSJ, os pat\u00f3genos multirresistentes s\u00e3o respons\u00e1veis pelo aumento da morbimortalidade de pacientes internados e ocasional aumento nos gastos com sa\u00fade devido \u00e0 prescri\u00e7\u00e3o de medicamentos mais caros e ao per\u00edodo de interna\u00e7\u00e3o mais prolongado.<\/p>\n

\u201cEssas infec\u00e7\u00f5es afetam, principalmente, os pacientes internados em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs), oncologia e neonatologia. Esses pacientes s\u00e3o considerados imunocomprometidos e apresentam menor efici\u00eancia do sistema imunol\u00f3gico para combater microrganismos multirresistentes\u201d, assinala.<\/p>\n

Controle e preven\u00e7\u00e3o da resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana<\/h3>\n

Sem a tomada de a\u00e7\u00f5es, estima-se que at\u00e9 2050 a RAM causar\u00e1 a perda de dez milh\u00f5es de vidas ao ano em todo o mundo, conforme alerta do Programa das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas para o Meio Ambiente (Pnuma). \u201cAs consequ\u00eancias v\u00e3o desde o agravamento de enfermidades, o prolongamento de interna\u00e7\u00f5es e a necessidade de se utilizar mais medicamentos, aumentando o risco de efeitos adversos e at\u00e9 \u00f3bitos, em casos extremos\u201d, alerta Gir\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

A fim de prevenir e controlar a RAM, o tema est\u00e1 sendo tratado mundialmente por meio da abordagem da Sa\u00fade \u00danica, o qual reconhece que a sa\u00fade humana e a sa\u00fade animal s\u00e3o interdependentes e est\u00e3o conectadas \u00e0 sa\u00fade dos ecossistemas nos quais coexistem.<\/p>\n

No contexto hospitalar, o controle e a preven\u00e7\u00e3o da resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana envolve m\u00faltiplos atores. O Laborat\u00f3rio do HSJ, por exemplo, atua na detec\u00e7\u00e3o das bact\u00e9rias resistentes, com a libera\u00e7\u00e3o do antibiograma \u2014 teste que apresenta os padr\u00f5es de resist\u00eancia ou sensibilidade de uma determinada bact\u00e9ria a v\u00e1rios antimicrobianos.<\/p>\n

Outro setor que desempenha papel fundamental na preven\u00e7\u00e3o da RAM \u00e9 o Servi\u00e7o de Controle de Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Hospitalares. Dentre as v\u00e1rias a\u00e7\u00f5es desenvolvidas pelo SCIH nesse sentido, destacam-se a vigil\u00e2ncia e o rastreio de infec\u00e7\u00f5es por agentes multirresistentes, evitando a sua dissemina\u00e7\u00e3o; a promo\u00e7\u00e3o do uso racional de antimicrobianos, com orienta\u00e7\u00e3o e controle do uso excessivo e desnecess\u00e1rio desses agentes; e a\u00e7\u00f5es de educa\u00e7\u00e3o permanente sobre as principais medidas de preven\u00e7\u00e3o das infec\u00e7\u00f5es relacionadas \u00e0 assist\u00eancia \u00e0 sa\u00fade.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Uso indiscriminado de medicamentos pode causar danos \u00e0 sa\u00fade (Foto: Diego Sombra) Voc\u00ea sabe o que \u00e9 resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana (RAM)? Esse fen\u00f4meno ocorre quando bact\u00e9rias, v\u00edrus, fungos e outros micro-organismos n\u00e3o respondem mais \u00e0 a\u00e7\u00e3o de antimicrobianos, como antibi\u00f3ticos, antivirais e antif\u00fangicos. Como resultado, os medicamentos se tornam ineficazes no combate \u00e0s infec\u00e7\u00f5es causadas por […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":767,"featured_media":125085,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[502],"tags":[2395,830,956,236,4065],"class_list":["post-125079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hsj","tag-antibioticos","tag-hospital-sao-jose","tag-hsj","tag-prevencao","tag-resistencia-antimicrobiana"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHospital S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 orienta sobre formas de preven\u00e7\u00e3o contra a resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana (RAM) ocorre quando bact\u00e9rias, v\u00edrus, fungos e outros micro-organismos n\u00e3o respondem mais \u00e0 a\u00e7\u00e3o de antimicrobianos.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ww16.ce.gov.br\/saude\/2023\/11\/22\/hospital-sao-jose-orienta-prevencao-resistencia-antimicrobiana\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hospital S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 orienta sobre formas de preven\u00e7\u00e3o contra a resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana (RAM) ocorre quando bact\u00e9rias, v\u00edrus, fungos e outros micro-organismos n\u00e3o respondem mais \u00e0 a\u00e7\u00e3o de antimicrobianos.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ww16.ce.gov.br\/saude\/2023\/11\/22\/hospital-sao-jose-orienta-prevencao-resistencia-antimicrobiana\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Secretaria da Sa\u00fade do Cear\u00e1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-11-22T14:29:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ww16.ce.gov.br\/saude\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/64\/2023\/11\/20200131_082531-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ww16.ce.gov.br\/saude\/2023\/11\/22\/hospital-sao-jose-orienta-prevencao-resistencia-antimicrobiana\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ww16.ce.gov.br\/saude\/2023\/11\/22\/hospital-sao-jose-orienta-prevencao-resistencia-antimicrobiana\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\",\"@id\":\"\"},\"headline\":\"HSJ orienta sobre formas de preven\u00e7\u00e3o contra resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana; 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